Thursday, September 3, 2020
The Middle Eat and the Woman Question essays
The Middle Eat and the Woman Question articles The job of ladies is significant to any general public's development. Especially in the Middle East, the relationship among's sex and the country is instrumental in the arrangement of the cutting edge state. Basically, the Lady Question endeavors to comprehend the job of ladies inside the cutting edge state and their impact on its development. It's anything but a gendered examination yet an all encompassing way to deal with understanding society in the Middle East. In following the development of ladies' developments in Egypt, Jordan, and Iran, an association is clear: Nationalism and unrests, or the scarcity in that department, have affected ladies massively. To comprehend the status of ladies in these nations, the connection among ladies and the state must be set up. In her assessment of ladies' developments from 1900-1945, Ellen Fleischmann presents three topical phases of improvement. The first is the enlivening wherein social practices that influence ladies are addressed. Following this enlivening, is an appropriation of patriotism as a freeing talk, which interfaces ladies' patriot exercises to their freedom. At long last, the third stage brings the development of state woman's rights. Along these lines, patriotism frequently had a 'discharging impact' on women...through their association in patriotism, they created after some time an inside investigate of sex relations. This system alluded to ladies' developments in the primary portion of the twentieth Century. Be that as it may, these stages are valuable in inspecting the advanced developments in the Middle East and how they identify with sexual orientation and the country. Qasim Amin presents a persuading connection between's abusive government rule and the weighty treatment of ladies. He attributes Egypt's framework to dictator government rule, which was reflected inside the family. An oppressive government prompted the concealment of ladies inside the home and society. Here the lady question is resolved and dominated by oppressive principle. The country had its greatest effect ... <!
Tuesday, August 25, 2020
Music, Film, and Cartoon Essay Example For Students
World War Two made America hesitantly relinquish the approach of Isolationism Paper I have blended emotions about whether World War Two spelt the finish of US Isolationism. I accept that somewhat this time was the least Isolationist the US had ever been, nonetheless, as I would see it American interests consistently engaged worldwide regardless of certain presidents neutralist international strategies. Churchill needed the United States associated with the war, straightforwardly looking for a battling occurrence that would carry the unbiased country into the contention. On August 4, 1941, Churchill and Roosevelt met just because, in the wake of comparing for a long time. The Atlantic Charter was one aftereffect of their gathering; another was the start of a profound individual kinship. They shared a few regular qualities: both originated from world class foundations, both were aristocrats, and both considered their to be as law based aristocrats. Churchill came back to England and told his War Cabinet that Roosevelt would take up arms however would not announce it. The episode Churchill required happened on September 4, 1941, when the USS Greer, on a mail rush to Iceland, was associated with a battling occurrence with a German U-vessel. In his ensuing location to the country, FDR would in general mutilate the established truths, utilizing the event to start unlimited convoying and a constrained, protective maritime war. At that point on October 31, 1941, a German U-vessel torpedoed a U.S. transport. This flagged what was to be the finish of American lack of bias. The shelling of Pearl Harbor in December, 1941, denoted the clear finish of American neutrality in useful terms. We will compose a custom paper test on World War Two made America hesitantly relinquish the strategy of Isolationism explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on World War Two made America hesitantly desert the approach of Isolationism explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on World War Two made America hesitantly desert the arrangement of Isolationism explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer During the war, the U.S. sent soldiers to Asia, Africa and Europe. After the wars end, the leftovers of the League of Nations re-framed as the United Nations, and this time the United States was up front. Under the Truman Doctrine, American monetary and military guide went to countries compromised by socialism. The Marshall Plan rebuilded Europe and the Cold War made an American military nearness abroad an inevitable end product for the following 50 years. Roosevelt didn't live long enough to see the war unfurl however subsequent to pronouncing war he out of nowhere kicked the bucket of a cerebrum discharge. Roosevelt was supplanted by Harry Truman. The US had stayed away from war in World War One due to numerous elements financial reasons and general conclusion being the most significant ones. Anyway by 1945 things had changed and Truman viewed the war as a splendid chance. Fuelled by German Hatred after the occasions of Pearl Harbor, Truman had the general population on his side. He had the support of Congress and his very own perspectives that the US required war as a monetary chance (selling weapons) and his motto to make the world safe for vote based system. (Safe from German Imperialism.) With these positive factors the US entered a war of chances. Abroad, World War II stopped American noninterference. In the spring of 1945, the US joined agents from 50 countries in marking the sanction for a lasting United Nations, a year prior to the International Monetary Fund and World Bank were built up to advance financial participation among countries. Be that as it may, the greatest test confronting the United States in the after war world was the souring of relations with the Soviet Union because of that countrys mastery of Eastern Europe and backing of socialist revolts far and wide. As a feature of the push to contain the Soviet spread and to restore the economies of Western Europe, the United States propelled the European Recovery Program (typically known as the Marshall Plan,) which emptied $13 billion of help into the area. Likewise, the US received a strategy of regulation, supporting non-socialist territories at risk for infringement. Consequently, when the Soviet Union barred every single surface course into Berlin, the US and Britain propelled the Berlin Airlift, providing the western segments of the city via air. We do need to address anyway whether the US was genuinely Isolationist. It would have been oblivious for any president to disregard world issues as though there was an open door for intercession then the US may have had the option to profit by a circumstance and increase additional grounds. All things considered, crude materials in the US couldn't keep going for ever. As I would see it Truman had no aim of staying Isolationist for the World War, regardless of his political decision promise of US Isolationism. All through the war he provided Britain with advances and battling gear also s expanding the US armed forces and Navies and supporting the Ententes bar of Germany. World War Two was a significant purpose of progress for the US. Starting now and into the foreseeable future they saw it their obligation to mediate in world issues (world police officer) since they were the universes most persuasive force, and after all could profit with the picking up of land and assets from specific nations. Take for instance the ongoing war in Iraq, a nation where the US is presently increasing significant measures of oil from. Despite the fact that the US job as a world cop is probably world based, as I would see it this isn't the situation. Take for instance occasions after world war two. There have been significant wars in Vietnam and in Iraq, however these were just achieved in view of dangers to the US nation. Without a doubt the US are hesitant to engage in any war which has no impact on them. Vietnam was achieved by American dread of Communism, and wars in Iraq in light of its important assets and the psychological oppression assaults of September the eleventh. During the Cold War, a few Americans contended that the nation ought to pull back from the United Nations; yet the Cold War, as an energetic and ideological campaign, shielded those voices from accepting across the board support. Today, the United States government and military is whatever word would best depict the extraordinary inverse of neutralist. As I would see it this is the manner by which they have in every case subtly been. US interests were consistently across the board; its simply that when World War Two showed up the US were monetarily and socially prepared to build up a world job. The breakout of war gave an ideal chance/pardon for the US to move away from its Isolationist picture. The Challenge to Isolationism. 1. What was FDRs prompt reaction to the episode of war in Europe? Roosevelt was reappointed by the US open on the guarantee that he would keep the US out of World War Two. Anyway he before long understood that war in Europe could prompt war in America thus upheld the associated arrangement of submission to guarantee harmony. Roosevelt needed to plan America for the most exceedingly awful however. He accepted the security of Europe was pivotal to the security of America. He had the option to convince Congress to affirm the Naval Expansion Act permitting a 20% increment in the US naval force. In 1939, he got an extra $525 million for air barrier. Toward the beginning of the Second World War, be that as it may, the American armed force still just numbered 185,000. 2. Did a dominant part of the US open and government officials favor noninterference in the early months of the war? 3. What enactment was remembered for the Neutrality Act of 4/11/39? During the 1930s, US popular supposition just as a few Senators scrutinized the legitimacy of US contribution in the Great War. The conviction turned out to be progressively regular that the country was deluded into participating in this ridiculous clash by Allied purposeful publicity and to serve the premiums of benefit parched investors and industrialists. The finishes of the Nye Committee in 1934, entrusted with researching the unreasonable benefits made by the war combat hardware industry, strengthened the antiwar position of the American individuals and settles the countrys noninterventionist strategy. As a response to Germanys re-weapon, and to forestall any US inclusion in a potential European war, the US Congress casted a ballot the Neutrality Act, marked by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on August 31, 1935. The Act restricts exchange military material with warring nations and travel by US nationals on ships having a place with warring nations. It was altered in 1936 to preclude credits to warring nations, and afterward in January and March 1937 to incorporate common wars. Toward the start of WWII, the likelihood that Great Britain could be vanquished is genuine and the developing Nazi danger is a reason for dread. Roosevelt understands that the Neutrality Act forces limitations on conceivable US activities; alterations will be embraced to reduce the enactments scope. Providing countries at war will be approved on the money and convey rule. President proclaims territory around British Isles a battle zone in November 1939, and credits of military material will be conceivable on a land-rent understanding. Outline of Neutrality Act of 1939; This demonstration annuls the arms ban and substitutes a strategy of money and convey; precludes United States vessels and residents from entering battle zones; builds up the National Munitions Control made out of the Secretaries of States, Treasury, War, Navy, and Commerce. 4. What effect did Hitlers fruitful Blitzkrieg have on American perspectives? The speed with which the German armed force overran Western Europe stunned the American open. By June 1940, the Nazis were in charge of Norway, Denmark, Holland, Belgium and France. Through the late spring and fall the Battle of Britain was battled with Britain and its domain remaining solitary against the Nazi danger. The communicates of writer Ed Murrow from London during the Blitz did a lot to convey to Americans the force of the battle taking spots, and this prompted cries from the US open for American mediation in the war.
Saturday, August 22, 2020
The Digital Divide free essay sample
What exactly degree is there a worldwide measurement to this gap? Is the gap narrowing or broadening? The computerized separate denotes the hole between the individuals who approach and use Information correspondence advancements and the individuals who need access or capacity (reference). Foundations for this division have generally stemmed through financial situation. Because of the current disparities between nations financial circumstances, an enormous worldwide measurement exists inside the advanced gap. Socio-segment factors likewise altogether influence ones situating on the range of the computerized partition. Through assessment it turns out to be certain that the hole in certain faculties is giving indications of narrowing. On the other had be that as it may, these components are improving the hole and enlarging the separation for a few. The expanding progressions inside Information correspondence innovations and blast of Internet prospects inside created nations are abandoning creating countries. The 21st century has not frustrated concern encompassing this advanced separation inside global organizations, for example, the United Nations Development Program (Norris 2000). The inconsistencies between creating social orders and progressed are viewed as expanding and hole extending. This fits putting nations at a financial bit of leeway or impediment, prompting many stream on impacts. Less fortunate countries, for example, India, Africa, and southern pieces of Asia have been in huge, unfit to put resources into the universally developing advances, which would permit their country to have and keep up Internet access, because of the underlying beginning up speculation vital (Reference). A nation not having Internet access in todayââ¬â¢s advanced age prompts various financial outcomes. This can be featured through; schools being not able to instruct or show understudies IT aptitudes, keeping them from exploiting the colossal measures of data available through the web. Along these lines individuals are not growing up with the aptitudes required to excel or stay aware of this computerized period. At last this absence of IT abilities brings about the powerlessness to contend inside the worldwide market or at a universal level. Differentiating to this, more extravagant nations are exploiting these progressing ICTs, profiting by more exceptionally prepared individuals who will at last lead to higher financial development (reference). At a key level, this idea represents the noteworthy ramifications for nations without access to the ICTs and the manner by which the insurgency of these has permitted created nations to dash in front of those creating who despite everything need get to. In relationship to this partition, at the detriment of poor people, the rich get more extravagant. The advanced gap works nearby different types of social disparity and is affecting individuals all around as well as with from a national perspective likewise (Korupp amp; Szydlik 2005). It has been shown that bunches that are the most admired in the public eye are the individuals who need access to a PC. They risk being avoided from conceivable social, instructive, social and financial advantages. This may effectsly affect their instructive results, work possibilities and different parts of prosperity (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2003). These underestimated individuals have been considered to fall into classifications of; low pay, old, ailing in instruction, and minorities (Winter 2000). The stream on impacts of this demonstrates to turn out to be more perplexing than one may at first see. The individuals who can manage the cost of access to the most trend setting innovations and productive renditions can profit by their reality. Discoveries support, in 1998, families with a pay of $75,000 or more, were nine time as liable to have PC access, and multiple times bound to have web access than those of lower salary levels (Norris 2000). This dissimilarity can prompt expanding partitions in a financial sense as referenced, yet additionally in a social setting. For instance, a West German, knowledgeable male has an essentially higher possibility of being on the positive side of social orders computerized partition, in contrast with any semblance of a Turkish ladies with a lower pay and training (Korupp amp; Szydlik 2005). While there as of now is inadequate with regards to proof to demonstrate a decrease in different types of social difference because of PC and Internet get to, these individuals at the unfriendly finish of social classes are not profiting through this computerized development. Subsequently their position is continuing as before. On the opposite finish of the range be that as it may, there are pointers recommending this development is assisting with making sure about or even increment the good social situation of these in higher social classes. In this way the computerized separate is questionable contributing towards further divisions among social classes, upgrading monetary division, however social chain of importance on a national and universal scale. Research propose the earth where an individual is naturally introduced to and raised, decides ones mentalities towards new advances (reference). This is all around and assuredly impacted through geographic situating, anyway likewise through the period wherein one grew up. Sackmann and Weymann (1995), built up a drew nearer, portraying four perfect sorts; the pre-specialized age (conceived before 1939), the age of family unit upheaval (conceived somewhere in the range of 1939 and 1948), the age of cutting edge family unit innovation (conceived somewhere in the range of 1949 and 1964), trailed by the PC age (brought into the world after 1964). Proof proposes the individuals who were conceived in the PC age are extensively increasingly slanted to progress with these new data correspondence innovations, improving potential to profit both socially and monetarily. As per a 2008 overview, 90% of grown-ups between the ages of eighteen to twenty nine utilize the web, differentiating to this lone thirty five percent of those more than sixty five utilize the web (Hwang 2008). This features the manner in which the computerized separate has enlarged as those from the pre-specialized age and age of family unit insurgency have fallen further and further behind (Korupp amp; Szydlik 2005). Therefore, the division has worked at the bit of leeway to those catorgised inside the more youthful age. It has empowered them with a potential serious edge in the worldwide commercial center. Through productive utilization of these data correspondence innovations it is presently simpler than any time in recent memory to contend on a worldwide scale (reference). Consolidating these gadgets into ones way of life so promptly has furnished more youthful ages with engaging chances. The hole between age bunches inside nations is as yet a partitioning factor inside advanced use, anyway it must be noticed that the noteworthiness of this is declining (Chen, Wellman 2004). Individuals are currently being naturally introduced to a reality where the advanced advances, for example, the Internet are viewed as a device for day by day life, more intergraded than any time in recent memory. Stream on impacts of this have brought about individuals joining a scope of advances into their way of life from a youthful age, through this they can embrace with headways made inside innovations all the more promptly (the childrenââ¬â¢s article). This the hole between advanced separation inside age bunches is crossing over as an ever increasing number of individuals are being raised encircled by the idea, along these lines the partition in this sense can be believed to be narrowing. At the opposite finish of the gap are those creating nations which need get to through and through. As referenced before, the hole here has been extending and keeps on doing as such, anyway It can be contended that at last these computerized advancements could in certainty be of the most advantage to these right now passing up a great opportunity. They have the capacities to furnish them with the chance to fortify the voice of such minorities. For instance, the Internet offers more extensive correspondence, which could empower private companies from any semblance of Africa or India to sell their items legitimately to clients globally. This would prohibit the current exorbitant go betweens fundamental for these items to be traded. Thusly, making bigger monetary income and more extensive presentation with the chance to develop. All together for these nations to pick up these potential advantages, an essential degree of access is required which is as yet deficient with regards to, in this manner until this is happens the hole will keep on augmenting (Norris 2000). Insights do anyway show trust in these nations, which have at first been left with unfriendly impacts of the computerized isolate. As Information correspondence advances advance, essential evaluate becomes less expensive and all the more broadly available. A case of this can be shown through any semblance of South America. During the time of 2000 South America had an around just one of every ten individuals on the web. This is differentiating to 2012ââ¬â¢s figures, which gauge 48. 2% on the populace drawing in with Internet entrance (http://www. internetworldstats. com/stats2. htm 2012). Moreover, overall Internet clients hopped from 1 billion of every 2005, to roughly 2 billion of every 2010. This pattern is through various variables including; the spread of cell phones with web capacities, less expensive innovations, the development and scope of internet services, and reception of government ventures inside advanced enterprises (reference). In spite of the fact that there are still nations with dug in advanced rejection, for example, Africa, which has a minor 15. 6%, online infiltration, changes appeared through any semblance of South America, affirm that availability upgrade is happening in a worldwide measurement. The partition in this sense is proceeding to enlarge between nations without get to however narrowing comparable to the measure of nations and districts in which this is going on to. In rundown a level of causes, results on both worldwide measurements and national levels encompassing the advanced partition are featured. There are obviously further factors and outcomes that are affecting this division, anyway at a fundamental level the abov
Essay on Abortion and Respect Life vs. Catholic Church
Article on Abortion and Respect Life versus Catholic Church Article on Abortion and Respect Life versus Catholic Church Article on Abortion and Respect Life versus Catholic ChurchAbortion is one of the most dubious issues in the US on the grounds that the preservationist part of the US society represents the legitimate boycott of premature birth, while the liberal piece of the US society represents the full authorization of fetus removal as one of the fundamental privileges of ladies. The center of the fetus removal banter is the discussion between advocates of premature birth, who accept that premature birth is fundamental and ladies ought to have the privilege and chance to experience fetus removal, and adversaries of premature birth, who accept that premature birth is an evil, wrong act that ought to never be drilled. In such manner, rivals of fetus removal speak to the strict network basically. Now, it merits referencing the way that the situation of the Catholic Church is especially significant in the fetus removal banter in light of the fact that the Catholic Church customarily remains against p remature birth, which Catholics see as a corrupt demonstration that negates to the desire of God. The discussion between the Catholic Church and defenders of premature birth becomes more grounded as fetus removal has just become a generally spread medical procedure in the US that negates to the situation of the Catholic Church in such manner. Truth be told, the Catholic Church represents its key standards, which regard human life and view it as an endowment of God that makes the situation of the Catholic Church concerning fetus removal inflexible and unchangeable.The position of the Catholic Church was and still is defenseless against the serious analysis from the piece of advocates of premature birth, who accepted premature birth to be a fundamental choice for ladies to decide if to convey a kid or not. Truly, parenthood constrained monetary and social chances of ladies and women's activists, for instance, accept that the boycott of fetus removal is the best approach to set power o ver ladies and breaking point their chances of contraception. They accept that ladies ought to be allowed to choose whether they need fetus removal or not and this is the route for the freedom of ladies since it grows their chances for birth control.At a similar time, there are progressively complex contentions that allude to the life and passing issues which rise, if there should be an occurrence of pregnancy of ladies. For instance, defenders of premature birth demand that pregnancy may threaten to the life of certain ladies. This is the reason they accept that premature birth ought to be lawful and the boycott of fetus removal will put under a danger the life of numerous ladies. This position is exceptionally solid since it dismisses any contentions that there are different apparatuses of conception prevention however fetus removal, on the grounds that there are instances of pregnancy after assault, for instance. Subsequently, fetus removal is by all accounts for all intents and purposes a basic choice for women.However, the Catholic Church despite everything demands the boycott of premature birth and perspectives it as completely unsuitable and evil act. Indeed, there are a few key focuses, which legitimize the situation of the Catholic Church in such manner. In the first place, the Catholic Church sees a human life as sacrosanct (Boonin, 2002). Catholics accept that a human life is an endowment of God that ought to be constantly regarded and not a solitary human has the option to play God and choose whether let a human life to show up or not. At the end of the day, the Catholic Church remains on the ground that people has no ethical option to take a choice on fetus removal since premature birth is theâ hardship of life of the unborn infant. This is the reason the Catholic Church sees fetus removal as a kind of homicide, while murder is probably the best sin in Catholic religion.Furthermore, the Catholic Church regards the labor and perspectives it as on e of the most significant and hallowed components of human life on the Earth. Truth be told, the introduction of a kid is hallowed and exceptionally regarded by the Catholic Church since Jesus Christ was conceived by a human lady and he was the child of God (Hern, 1996). Likewise different children are additionally conceived in a characteristic manner and, on the off chance that they are conceived, at that point this is the desire of God. In addition, the Catholic Church sees the labor as one of the primary components of the human life in light of the fact that the labor is one of the significant duties of ladies just as men. They should live as indicated by divine laws and they ought to make their families, have youngsters and carry them up as for God and Catholic teaching.In expansion, the Catholic Church consistently represented customary family esteems and labor includes a vital piece of conventional family esteems. Actually, youngsters make the family life increasingly delibera te and charming for God. This is the reason the Catholic Church advances the possibility of the labor as a fundamental component of the family life. The possibility of premature birth negates to the possibility of the labor. In this way, the Catholic Church demands the need to boycott fetus removal since it subverts conventional family esteems and way of life. Indeed, the Catholic Church related fetus removal with the ruin of ethics in the public arena since premature birth prompts the debasement of family esteems and it might destructively affect the family life just as life of people. Consequently, the situation of the Catholic Church to boycott premature birth is sensible inside the strict structure the Catholic Church works within.At the individual level, fetus removal is likewise unsatisfactory for the Catholic Church. The Catholic Church remains on the ground that ladies can't stop the life of the unborn youngster through fetus removal. The Catholic Church dismisses the conten tion of its adversaries of undesirable youngsters, similar to the instance of assaults, for instance (Finer, 2005). Because of such contentions, the Catholic Church builds up the possibility that there are no undesirable youngsters. All youngsters ought to be needed by their moms. Ladies ought not dismiss their children, regardless of whether they have pregnant after an assault. Rather, ladies ought to know about the way that, in the event that they got pregnant, at that point this was the desire of God. In addition, the Catholic Church holds the reason that all kids are brought into the world totally unadulterated and ladies can't see their kids as the reason for their difficulties. Rather, they should see them as honest animals, which they should take care for and accommodate. In this way, they ought not submit premature births in any case, rather, they ought to convey their children and take care for them.In truth, the Catholic Church dismisses all contentions of its adversaries. At the point when rivals of fetus removal help to remember the danger to the life and soundness of ladies related with pregnancy and conveyance of kids, the Catholic Church generally alludes to the desire of God and demands that the contemporary social insurance framework can limit dangers to the life and strength of ladies and ladies have sufficient chances to maintain a strategic distance from pregnancy, on the off chance that they know about dangers to their wellbeing, rather than killing unborn infants. Now, the Catholic Church remains on the ground that premature birth is the homicide of the unborn child.The position of the Catholic Church begins from the customary Christian educating, which makes the regard of life the significant need. This is the reason the Catholic Church regards each life that is conceived or will be conceived. The life is the most important people have in their life and the Catholic Church see the life as a holy idea, as an endowment of God and as a will of God, which people can't change or repudiate to. Rather, the Catholic Church is deferential to life in light of the fact that each individual has the option to live and others can't deny any individual of this right, including unborn kids. This is the reason the Catholic Church demands the boycott of premature birth in the US.Thus, fetus removal is as yet one of the most begging to be proven wrong issues in the US. The huge number of rivals of premature birth has a solid strict foundation since religion will in general reject fetus removal. In this regard, it is conceivable to allude to the instance of the Catholic Church, which remains against premature birth as a corrupt demonstration and as a homicide of an unborn kid. The Catholic Church legitimizes its situation by solid strict and good ideas. The Catholic Church demands that fetus removal repudiates to the desire of God, abuses fundamental good laws, wrecks families and subverts customary family esteems. Consequently, prema ture birth destructively affects people and the whole society.
Friday, August 21, 2020
The Holocaust Was A Tragic Point In History Which Many People Essays
The Holocaust was a deplorable point in history which numerous individuals accept never occurred. Other people who endure it figured it ought to never have been. In addition to the fact that this affected the individuals who lived through it, it additionally influenced everybody who was associated with those lucky people who endure. The survivors were fortunate to have made it yet there are times when their recollections and flashbacks have made them wish they were the ones who kicked the bucket as opposed to living with the repulsive fallout. The mental impacts of the Holocaust on individuals from various parts, for example, overcomers of Israel and overcomers of the ghettos and camps differ somehow or another yet in others are significantly comparable. The immense number of detainees of different nationalities and religions in the camps made such contrasts unavoidable. Many differentiating suppositions have been distributed about the people in question and overcomers of the holocaust dependent on the essayists' distinctive social backrounds, individual encounters what's more, intelectual conventions. In this way, the assessments of the creators of such books and passages of human conduct and endurance in the death camps in Nazi-involved Europe are various. The Survivors of the Holocaust: General Survey Since the injury of the Holocaust was both individual and group, most people put forth attempts to make another family to supplant the family unit that had been lost. All together for the casualties to oppose dehumanization and relapse what's more, to discover support, the individuals from such gatherings shared stories about the past, dreams of things to come and joint supplications also as verse and articulations of individual and general human goals for expectation and love. Creative mind was a significant methods for freedom from the disappointing reality by opening an outlet for the definition of plans for the inaccessible future, and by prodding to prompt activities. Taking a gander at the historical backdrop of the Jewish survivors, from the start of the Nazi occupation until the liquidation of the ghettos shows that there are normal highlights and simmilar psychophysiological designs in their reactions to the oppressions. The survivors regularly encountered a few periods of psychosocial reaction, including endeavors to effectively ace the horrible circumstance, durable affiliative activities with extraordinary enthusiastic connections, lastly, detached consistence with the persecutors. These stages must be comprehended as the advancement of exceptional components to adapt to the strains and perils of the encompassing alarming truth of the Holocaust. There were numerous hypotheses that overcomers of the Holocaust experienced a static death camp disorder. These speculations were demonstrated to have not been substantial by look into that was finished following freedom. Clinical and hypothetical research concentrated more on psychopathology than on the subject of adapting and the improvement of explicit versatile systems during the Holocaust and after. The depictions of the survivors' disorder in the late 1950's and 1960's made another methods for conclusion in brain science and the conduct sciences, and has become a model that has since filled in as a central idea in looking at the consequences of disastrous pressure circumstances. After more research was done, it was clear the adjustment and ways of dealing with stress of the survivors was influenced by the parts of their youth encounters, formative accounts, family star groupings, and enthusiastic family bonds. In the examinations and inquire about that were done, there were numerous inquiries that were posed of the subjects: What was the length of the injury?, During the Holocaust, was the casualty alone or with family and companions?, Was he in a camp or stowing away?, Did he utilize bogus Aryan papers?, Was he an observer to mass homicide in the ghetto or the camp?, What were his emotionally supportive networks loved ones and what social bonds did he have? These investigations demonstrated that the encounters of the individuals who had the option to effectively oppose the persecution, regardless of whether in the underground or among the partisans, were diverse inside and out from the encounters of the individuals who were casualties in killing camps. At the point when the survivors incorporated go into society after the war, they thought that it was exceptionally difficult to modify. It was made troublesome by the truth that they regularly stimulated irresolute sentiments of dread, avoidence, blame, pity and uneasiness. This may have been hard for them, yet decades after the Holocaust a large portion of the survivors oversaw to restore their abilities and rejoin the ways their lives might have taken before the Holocaust. This is all the more valid for the individuals who encountered the Holocaust as kids or youthful grown-ups. Their families live with an extraordinary disposition toward psychobiological progression, dread of detachment, and dread of delayed disorder and passing. The experience of the Holocaust shows how individuals can experience outrageous horrendous encounters without experiencing a all out relapse and without losing their capacity to restore their self image
Tuesday, August 4, 2020
Writing Impressive College Entrance Essays
Writing Impressive College Entrance Essays More and more people are going to college these days right out of high school, so it goes without saying that making a stellar first impression is a necessity in order to stand out from the pack and get that coveted acceptance letter to your chosen university. With that in mind, writing an impressive college entrance essay that makes admissions personnel want to get to know you even better is the ideal way to get the attention you deserve.Write to impressWhether your entrance essay is an open-ended work or directed toward answering specific admissions questions, the key to drawing in the reader and making him or her want to know more is a compelling, honest view into your life and what makes you unique, including your history, accomplishments, strongest traits, interests, extracurricular activities and, of course, grades. Since there is typically a word-count limit to adhere to, the idea here is to give the reader an interesting taste in each of these areas without inundating them wi th information.The best way to do this is to write by example â" from an intro that puts the reader right there next to you for one of your proudest or most challenging events in life to little nuggets of interest that demonstrate the positive traits you have and want to let shine. For example, instead of telling the reader all about yourself like so:My proudest moment in life thus far was winning first place in the USAA Gymnastics competition for mens trampoline. I worked for two years training in the event and really wanted to win badly.Showing the reader by taking them with you to the moment is more effective:As I stood in front of a crowded Anaheim stadium full of 30,000 people last July, my name echoed over the loudspeaker and a rush of accomplishment and pride ran through me when I heard, And in first place in mens trampoline, Scott Smith. The words were a culmination of two years of training at the gym â" three hours a day on weekdays and five hours a day on weekends â" fo r a goal I had set my sights on long before I had even had a drivers license.When a writer uses this second method â" showing, not telling â" they take the reader to the moment with them, much like a good fiction writer draws in his or her readers. Whether the reader is a gymnastics enthusiast or not, chances are they have experienced the same sort of emotions when accomplishing something, too â" pride and the payoff of hard work â" and will relate to what they are reading better than simply being told by a writer, Ive worked very hard for things and am proud of myself.The secret to showing, not telling, is to not show too much. No reader (especially busy admissions office personnel) has the desire or time to read two pages of every detail of the above gymnastic event. Therefore, your little tidbits should be just that â" three to five sentences that give them a front-row seat at the event you describe. Of course, these all dont have to be life-altering events like winning a gy mnastics championship. Showing the reader by example how you have some positive personality traits is also a sure way to make your college entrance essay stand out. For instance, rather than telling the reader youre involved in volunteerism and church functions like so:I have participated in missions visits to third-world countries each summer since I was 12 with my churchs youth group.Showing the reader this would read something like:My summer vacations since I was 12 have been spent in an exciting variety of Central American countries where I worked on behalf of my churchs youth group at teaching young children in Costa Rican, Guatemalan and Nicaraguan jungle villages some basic reading and writing skills. Not only was this experience fulfilling, seeing the children write their names for the first time in their lives and start to read simple words, but one where I made cherished friendships and realized some vital professional goals for my future in a possible career in social wor k.The maturity, worldliness and ability to think outside of your high schools walls really shine through in this last paragraph. Showing how you have such positive characteristics by the things you have taken part in is a terrific way to demonstrate to a potential college that you have thought about more than just getting finished with your classes in high school. Other excellent, worldly traits to mention would be extensive travel (whether for work or pleasure), having numerous pen pals or connections to other countries (whether you were born in Korea or have extensive family in Greece) or even places you hope to visit one day and compelling reasons why (i.e., not just because they sound cool).Making the best of gradesOf course, a college entrance essay wouldnt be complete without some mention of your high school grades, accomplishments and activities. Since not everyone is valedictorian or has a year of college already finished when they graduate from high school, it really depend s on a writers own grades whether to mention them a lot or not. If you were an A+ student in high school, of course that should be mentioned and touted; if you barely got by with Cs in most of your classes, play up the classes you did do well in or enjoyed most, and make little or no mention of the ones you didnt quite ace.Contrary to popular belief, getting into college is not all about having a 4.8 GPA and being a National Honor Society contender. Of course, if youre trying to get into Harvard or other Ivy League institutions out there with straight Bs, you better have some outstanding stories of your other accomplishments in and out of school to impress them. But an average state university does put significant stock these days in the uniqueness of their students with less than perfect grades.All the more reason to make sure your essay and the parts of your life you use in it to describe yourself make you stand out and get noticed. Your college entrance essay does not have to be a boring, form essay listing every trait you think a school wants you to have. Being yourself â" and showing a college who that is with intimate, engaging stories â" can make the difference between an essay that piques admissions interest or one that gets thrown into the growing pile of mediocre applicants.
Monday, June 22, 2020
The Language Tutor Everyday Immersion
There are easier ways of doing foreign-language immersion, we promise. Studying a foreign language can be intimidating, especially looking at advanced or native speakers who seem to find it easy to pick up new grammatical concepts or vocabulary terms. Sitting in class and going through the homework might help you get the minimum grade, but if you put in a bit of extra work you can become even more comfortable in the language youââ¬â¢re learning. Yes, it's true, hard work only goes so far. Let's face it: there is only one sure-fire way to learn a language: total immersion. But if you find yourself unable to jet to Paris to work on your French vocab or roadtrip down to Mexico to brush up on your Spanish grammar, have no fear! You can bring in aspects of an immersion program to your daily life in a number of easy ways! Listen to music. Next time youââ¬â¢re listening to music while you work out, choose a song sung in the language youââ¬â¢re studying. Even if you donââ¬â¢t understand all the words (or even very many of them!), itââ¬â¢ll help you become more familiar with the tones, accents, and basic concepts youââ¬â¢ll need. Parroting sounds is much more useful than you might think. Watch movies. Whether youââ¬â¢re watching a foreign-language film or an English film thatââ¬â¢s dubbed or subtitled, exposing yourself to that language in your down time will only help you in the long run. Read anything ââ¬â and everything. Whether itââ¬â¢s a simple childrenââ¬â¢s book, a newspaper article, or a translation of Harry Potter, exposing yourself to the language outside of your textbook will help you learn the language in a meaningful social context. Talk to people. If you have a friend studying the same language, make time to chat with each other in your target language. Do you know any native speakers that you can have a conversation with? Thatââ¬â¢s even better! You need to practice your speaking skills in order to improve, and the more practice you have the more confident youââ¬â¢ll be. Find local cultural groups. If there is a cultural association or organization in your area dedicated to the culture of your target language, see if they have open events that you can attend. Not only are you likely to meet strong speakers of that language, but youââ¬â¢ll start to learn more about the culture and customs related to the language, which often show up in idioms or common phrases that are spoken. Learn a word a day. If you commit yourself to learning (and using) new vocabulary, youââ¬â¢ll be able to continue to expand your vocabulary, which will help you be more confident in speaking and more capable of understanding the written or spoken language. Put a whiteboard on your fridge and write a new word and definition each day. Try to use the word of the day as much as possible that day. Start a journal. At the end of each day, write a few sentences about your day. Whenever you think of a word or phrase you want to use that you havenââ¬â¢t learned yet, look it up! There are many ways to integrate language learning into your everyday life ââ¬â from using recipes in the target language when cooking to finding a pen pal in your target language to looking up online language-learning games to using online language learning sites like Duolingo or Babbel to eating at restaurants of your target culture. Find what works for you, and happy learning!
Saturday, May 23, 2020
Psychopathy Or Antisocial Personality Disorder - 921 Words
Running head: PSYCHOPATHY OR ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER 1. Psychopathy or Antisocial Personality Disorder Valeria Frierson Walden University Dr. Hampe PSYCHOPATHY OR ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER 2. Abstract This paper will focus on the relevance of assessing psychopathy or antisocial personality disorder. The importance of the assessment and the adjudication process will also be discussed. Key words: psychopathy, antisocial personality disorder, violence recidivism. PSYCHOPATHY OR ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER 3. According to Pinel (1801) psychopathy is defined as persons with complete cognitive capacity but these persons experienced spontaneous and antisocial behavior. These persons suffered from mania without insanity. Pinel (1801) in his description was distinguishing those persons whose unlawful acts and depraved acts were due to mental deficiencies or psychopathology as opposed to those with no indication of any mental defects. Psychopathy has a strong connection to violent behavior and recidivism. Research indicates that persons with high levels of psychopathy are more likely to continue instrumental violent behavior when compared to those personââ¬â¢s with lower levels of psychopathy Jackson, R. (2008). Mannerisms connected to this behavior are grandiosity and arrogance which are frequently found in psychopaths . According to a study completed by Williamson, Hare and Wong (1987), criminals with high PCL-R scoresShow MoreRelatedAntisocial Personality Disorder And Psychopathy1777 W ords à |à 8 PagesWhat is Antisocial Personality Disorder? Antisocial Personality Disorder is a disorder that is characterized by a long-standing pattern of disregard for other peopleââ¬â¢s rights, often crossing the line and violating those rights. A person with Antisocial Personality Disorder often feels little or no empathy toward other people, and doesnââ¬â¢t see the problem in bending or breaking the law for their own needs or wants. The disorder usually begins in childhood or as a teen and continues into adulthood.Read MoreAntisocial Personality Disorder ( Sociopathy And Psychopathy Essay1548 Words à |à 7 PagesAntisocial personality disorder is a condition as to where the person that has the disorder tends to be manipulative, deceitful, reckless or malicious. Antisocial personality disorder, a lot like other personality disorders, is often put on a spectrum. Which in turn means that the disorder can often range in severity. The variables can range from committing small or insignificant acts of bad behavior, to potentially harming others and committing large scale crimes. For reference, psychopathy isRead MorePsychopathy and Antisocial Personality Disorder Essay3413 Words à |à 14 PagesIntroduction The purpose of this study is to compare and contrast the constructs of psychopathy and antisocial personality disorder. The aim is to highlight whether the terms psychopathy and antisocial personality disorder reflect the same construct or whether they differ. Furthermore, recommendations for treatment of criminal behavior will be explored. For the purposes of this evaluation some definitions need to be highlighted: Criminal offence is an act that breaks a law, which relates how to behaveRead MoreCharacteristics Of Psychopathy And Antisocial Disorder1337 Words à |à 6 PagesCharacteristics of Psychopathy vs Antisocial Disorder Dennis Metz University of South Florida Characteristics of Psychopathy vs Antisocial Disorder Psychopathy is defined as a disorder of personality and antisocial disorder is primarily behaviorally based. Interestingly these disorders are considered co-morbid, because they can be present simultaneously within in patient but are not the same (Werner, Few, Bucholz, 2015). This paper will discuss the literature for psychopathy and antisocial disorderRead MorePsychopathy, Sociopathy And Anti Social Personality Disorder913 Words à |à 4 PagesAre Psychopathy, Sociopathy and Anti-Social Personality Disorder the same? Psychopathy, sociopathy, and anti-social personality disorder, also known as ASPD, are three very similar disorders; so much so that it is a common question if they are the same disorder or not. All three of them are defined as people who have anti-social behaviours. All of these disorders are very common in people who disregard both the law and social norms, have no shame or guilt, and are occasionally violent; such asRead MoreAntisocial Personality Disorder ( Dsm V )1672 Words à |à 7 Pagesof Mental Disorders-V (DSM-V), released in 2013, places psychopathy, along with sociopathy, in the category of ego-syntonic1 personality disorders (Jenkins, 2014). The official term, encompassing both psychopathy and sociopathy, is Antisocial Personality Disorder; this disorder is ââ¬Å"characterized by a long-standing pattern of a disregard for other peopleââ¬â¢s rights, often crossing the line and violating those rightsâ⬠(Psych Central, 2014). Those afflicted with Antisocial Perso nality Disorder act onlyRead MoreTaking a Look at Psychopaths and Sociopaths1325 Words à |à 5 Pages Of all the psychiatric disorders, none are more chilling to the world then the psychopaths and sociopaths. These two disorders, categorized as antisocial personality disorders, bring about the absolute worse people and killers that the world has ever known. The infamous serial killers, the people who do the unimaginable, were all psychopaths. The ability of these people to do what they do and know that what they are doing is wrong, is perhaps one of the most chilling and shocking characteristicRead MoreAntisocial Personality Disorder ( Ocd ) Essay827 Words à |à 4 PagesAntisocial Personality Disorder Katie McGuire University of Groningen Student number: s3229211 Mentor group number: 1636 Mentors: Joke van Dijken and Johanna Hecht Date: 25/10/2016 Antisocial Personality Disorder Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD) is a disorder characterized by behaviour that is socially undesirable such as breaking the law, lying, and not feeling any guilt. People who suffer from APD often have certain personality traits such as being charming, manipulative, insincereRead MoreThe Role Of Antisocial And Borderline Personality Disorder928 Words à |à 4 Pagesfrom secure care: The role of antisocial/borderline personality disorder co-morbidity, substance dependence and severe childhood conduct disorder by Howard ET all it examines the relationship with ANTI SOICAL PERSONLITY DISORDER and criminally reoffending g after being released. The study the article talks about aims to test the relationship between ANTI SOICAL PERSONLITY DISORDER and its common co morbid disorders such as substance abuse borderline personality disorder and their chance to offend andRead MorePsychopathic And Genetics : A Broken Chain1114 Words à |à 5 PagesGenetics: A Broken Chain Psychopathy has been a growing topic in psychology in the past several years. Studies and research wonder what is the cause for this behavior, how does the disorder develop, and how it is linked through genetics. Since psychopathy can be linked to genetic traits these individuals are more dangerous compared to those who are labeled sociopaths. Environmental factors also play a role in the behavior of psychopaths, but in different ways since antisocial tendencies are developed
Monday, May 18, 2020
College Education Is A Major Crisis - 1080 Words
In todayââ¬â¢s society, American youth are facing a major crisis. The governmentââ¬â¢s statistics show that a large percentage of young men and women are joining the ranks of the unemployed. The most startling fact is that many of these individuals are recent college graduates. Many studies stress the importance of a college education, calling it an ââ¬Å"economic investmentâ⬠and the ââ¬Å"most important choice made in a personââ¬â¢s lifetimeâ⬠. Indeed, the decision to pursue college education is important, but many people do not consider the risks of doing so. While going to college seems like a noble pursuit, it is simply not feasible for this generation of young people, as the astronomical expenses, fierce competition of the job market, and the increasing obsolescence of the college degree are major deciding factors against the idea of getting a college education. The most important factor against getting a college education is the cost involved. Education is like an investment or an economic decision. Many people seriously overlook the implications of spending massive sums of money just to get a degree because they are expected to do so. Former US Secretary of Education William Bennett says that There are three main reasons [why college is expensive]. One is a lot of families will pay anything to send their kids to college. Two, many colleges will try to get as much money as they can. Three, the federal government endlessly subsidizes the increases in college and higher education.Show MoreRelatedStudents Should Not Be A Cause For Student Boredom846 Words à |à 4 Pagesbecause they prefer the nonacademic characteristics of education such as sports, clubs, or art programs. A studentââ¬â¢s boredom in high school relates to STEM educational programs in college because an individualââ¬â¢s experience in high school may affect his or her sel ection of a major in a community college or university. If someone still wants to pursue a STEM career after high school, then he or she will be faced with additional struggles in college. The fields of science, technology, engineering, andRead MorePost Secondary Education Comes At A High Price864 Words à |à 4 PagesPost-secondary education comes at a high price. The excitement of graduating college to land the six-figure job is soon destroyed when students realize how much debt they obtain. Dreams of owning a house and starting a family are shattered by the money borrowed to provide and guarantee students an excellent future. Instead of waiting to land the ideal job, students work multiple jobs to help ends meet. Struggling to stay afloat, millions of students become victims of one of the major economic crisis in theRead MoreStudent Debt Over The Years876 Words à |à 4 PagesPost-secondary education comes at a very high price. The excitement of graduating college to land the six-figure job is soon destroyed when you realize how much debt you are in. Dreams of owning a house and starting a family is shattered by the money borrowed to provide and guarantee student s a better future. Instead of waiting to land that perfect job, students are forced to work multiple jobs to help ends meet. Struggling to stay afloat, millions of students are becoming victims of one of the major economicRead MoreThe Nationwide Student Debt Crisis967 Words à |à 4 PagesFact or Fiction: The Nationwide Student Debt Crisis In the United States, it is generally accepted that college (or any form of higher education for that matter) is a wise investment that each and every individual should strive for. Each and every year thousands of parents open college funds and future investment plans to ensure that once their child is of age he or she can participate in quality educational programs. While college attendance rates are at a positive all-time high, right behind itRead MoreHow The Student Loan Debt Crisis Is Undermining Economic And Social Progress Of American Graduates1635 Words à |à 7 PagesHow the Student Loan Debt Crisis Is Undermining the Economic and Social progress of American Graduates Currently, higher education is highly valued as a step in achieving success and earnings potential, but attaining a degree comes at a high cost. Although a very valued asset, the cost to attain a college degree for most students includes getting loans, grants from the government, and sometimes even private loans. Most of these loans come at a high price for students as the interest structure forRead MoreStudent Debt Over The Years984 Words à |à 4 PagesHigher education comes at an extremely high price. The excitement of graduating college to land the six-figure job is soon destroyed when students realize how much debt theyââ¬â¢ve obtained. Dreams of owning a house and starting a family are shattered by the money borrowed to provide and guarantee students an excellent future. Instead of waiting to land the ideal job, students work multiple jobs to help ends meet. Struggling to stay afloat, millions of students become victims of one of the major economicRead MoreWill Free Colleg es Solve The Student Debt Crisis?1479 Words à |à 6 PagesFree Colleges solve the Student Debt Crisis? Every American student has a dream to go to college and to be debt-free. Due to the upcoming presidential elections, candidate Senator Bernie Sanders wants to introduce a bill that would cover the tuition costs for students who attend two and four-year institution. This question makes many Americans wonder, will free public colleges solve the student debt crisis. Although free tuition would help stop the fast-paced growth of the Student Debt Crisis, itRead MoreThe Financial Crisis Of 20081326 Words à |à 6 Pagesfinancial crisis of 2008, President Obama completely eliminated the middleman and fully implemented direct student loans (Kingkade). Although this stopped large banks from profiting off of government backed loans, it still didnââ¬â¢t reduce the supply of loans or the ease of obtaining them. Availability of Credit As tuition has been on the steady rise, student debt to finance the education has been increasing exponentially. As stated above, this is the main driving for behind the higher education bubbleRead MoreIncome Share Agreements ( Isa )1169 Words à |à 5 PagesAgreements (ISA) With student loan debt becoming increasingly worse year after year, new and potentially better avenues for students to finance a college education are emerging onto the market. In particular, income-share agreements (ISA) have appeared on the scene for a few years now, but not have attempted to modernize the way students pay for college. The big take away from ISAââ¬â¢s is the shift of financial risk from the student to the investor, unlike the traditional government or private loansRead MoreWhy so Expensive?922 Words à |à 4 PagesWhy So Expensive? College is said to be some of the best years of your life. The parties, the freedom, and the new experience help you find new friends, hopefully a career and yourself, but rising college cost are having young adults stressing instead of enjoying the college experience. Every year less and less states are giving their collegeââ¬â¢s money and more and more students are asking for financial aid or taking out student loans. The more that college tuition continues to rise the more of
Monday, May 11, 2020
American History The Great Depression - 1411 Words
Throughout the course of American history, many events arose which have transpired variations in the lifestyles of American citizens, and everyday life. In particular, in the 1930s the Great Depression transpired as a result of the stock market crash which led to an immense widespread of unemployment of numerous Americans. Many primary sources contributed to the hardships people have faced. To gain an understanding on how the Great Depression happened, one has to imitate the history of the events that led to it. The Twenty-eighth president of the United States, Woodrow Wilson, was in office till the end of World War I (Prentice Hall 558). Wilson fused the United States to the League of Nations in hopes to prevent future conflict; however, this plan was ineffective (558). Continuing on to the 1920s, also known as the Roaring Twenties, the Jazz age endangered ââ¬Å"the traditional values of rural Americaâ⬠(pbs.org). After World War I was over, people started using credit to buy mass-produced goods because America began to prosper, and citizens began centering their lives on consumerism. Things started to change in society. For example, women began ââ¬Å"smoking, drinking, and wearing short skirts. The average American was busy buying automobiles and household appliances, and speculating in the stock market, where big money could be madeâ⬠(pbs.org). This led to an event, which shaped the way people lived and thought. On October 29, 1929, better known as Black Tuesday, the stock marketShow MoreRelatedAmerican History : The Great Depression1688 Words à |à 7 PagesJorgensen American history The Great Depression The Great Depression The Great Depression was a terrible time for people in the United States. With the stock market crash, there were many people without jobs, homes, or they didnââ¬â¢t have anything. Many Americans were left with nothing more than the clothes on their back and their family. Many banks and businesses had to close because on the stock market crash. Even though these times in the thirties seemed to be hard for most people, the American peopleRead MoreAmerican History : The Great Depression Essay1788 Words à |à 8 PagesButler Mr. David Modern US History 28 November 2016 The Great Depression The Great Depression was a time in American history that not only affected the United States deeply, but also the rest of the world (Irwin). Jobs were tough to come by, the stock market was poor, and the American people lacked strong government leadership for a time. In Europe, countries recovering from the great losses of World War I were buried once again in debt and turmoil. The Great Depression was a consequence of manyRead MoreHistory Of American Economy : The Great Depression Essay1360 Words à |à 6 PagesHistory of the American Economy: The Great Depression As early as the 1920s, Americans and their leaders were quite confident about their countryââ¬â¢s better future, compared to some of the toughest economic times that the country had gone through, such as the mild economic depression in the early 1820s and the bank panic. In fact, during his election trail, Herbert Hoover shown off Americaââ¬â¢s optimism by citing that the triumph against the poor house was forthcoming. However, the Great Depression eruptedRead MoreAmerican Economic History: The Great Depression3024 Words à |à 12 PagesTwo of the most dramatic episodes in American economic history were the 1929 Great Depression and the 2008 Great Recession. While in each period the sources of economic excess differed, manufacturing in 1929 and housing in 2008, there are many similarities in their causes and effects. Initially there were also similarities in the way government and monetary authorities responded. However, it is the differences in response that are the most i mportant and will have the greatest impact on the lengthRead MoreAmerican History And Literature : The Roaring Twenties, The Great Depression, And Wwii942 Words à |à 4 PagesThe early 1900ââ¬â¢s (between 1914 and 1945) were an interesting time in both American history and literature. Considering that events such as WWI, the Roaring Twenties, the Great Depression, and WWII had formidable impacts on many people who lived during those parts of the early 20th century; it would be apropos to assume that many writers of that time had major influences in their writing styles out of the various events that occurred during those times. One popular literary movement during this timeRead MoreWhat Is The History Of American Party Politics From The Great Depression Through The 1990s1770 Words à |à 8 Pages3. The History of American Party Politics from the Great Depression through the 1990s. In the 18th century, when the debate over the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution was present, the United States formed the two political parties: the Federalist Party, which supported the national government and were dominant until 1800, and the rival Democratic-Republican Party, which supported state governments and were dominant after the 1800s. The two parties led to the creation of the parties,Read MoreWomen s Roles During The Great Depression1413 Words à |à 6 PagesTo what extent did white womenââ¬â¢s social roles change from the 1920s to the Great Depression when employment and income decreased nationwide? A. Plan of Investigation The Great Depression devastated the United States, and remains the worst depression ever experienced by the nation. During the ââ¬Å"Roaring Twentiesâ⬠when the economy was thriving in the United States, women took the opportunity to improve their social statuses through enlightenment, but as this period came to an end womenââ¬â¢s social rolesRead MoreThe Herbert Hoover : The First President Born West Of The Mississippi River1291 Words à |à 6 Pages2016 Knapp ` Herbert Hoover was born on August 10, 1874, in West Branch, Iowa, and was the first president born west of the Mississippi River. He was academically successful and strived to be the best. He was a great candidate but his presidency was a failed one. The Great Depression is mostly to blame, as Hoover worked hard to get to his position and then watched his hard work leave as he lost the chance to be reelected. Hoover was born in a Quaker community, which he later left at the age ofRead MoreUnspeakable Hardship1516 Words à |à 7 PagesOctober 29, 1929 was the worst day of many Americanââ¬â¢s lives. That was the day the stock market crashed and the Great Depression was launched. At first, the President, and other politicians thought it would end after just a few months but it turned out to be the absolute worst stock market crash in the history of America. America lost 14 billion dollars on that one detrimental day and by the end of the week, America lost a flabbergasting 30 billion dollars. Today, that would be the equivalentRead MoreCauses and Effects of The Great Depression in the United States1238 Words à |à 5 PagesThe Great Depression is a defining moment in time for not only American, but world history. This was a time that caused political, economical, and social unrest. Not only did the Great Depression cause a world wide panic, it also caused a world wide crisis unlike any before it. This paper will analyze both the causes and the effects of the Great Depression in the United States of America. One cause of the depression is the effects of World War One. World War one had many devastating effects on
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Bullying And Aggression At Schools - 1552 Words
According to Horne, Stoddard, and Bell (2007), ââ¬Å"Recognizing that bullying and aggression result in negative academic, emotional, and behavioral consequences, a number of programs have been developed in the last century to address the problem of bullying and aggression in schoolsâ⬠(pg. 264). This argues that there are ways that students can find the help that they need to reduce their feelings that they may have against another student. If students attend these programs that are set up specifically for them, then there could be a huge improvement in reducing bullying in school systems today. For this solution to work, different people need to be involved with this such as the principal, the parents of that child, and the teacher that thatâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The practicality of parentsââ¬â¢ coming and discussing this situation that involves their child could either happen or not depending on their every day schedule unless they found an appropriate time that would work for them. It is cost effective because this is already a part of the principalââ¬â¢s duties. One way that could increase the practicality of this happening is that teachers and faculty could sign a petition to follow through with this idea and then if more time is spent on it, then their salaries could be raised. The principal would be the first person that would oversee this solution since they are the higher authority of the school system. According to Cross and Barnes (2014), ââ¬Å"Key patterns of behavior are seen to emerge within the family context, with family members influencing and reacting to each other in complex ways, which may then influence their behavior beyond the family circleâ⬠(p. 294). The authors then explain that family influences can impact children and that their behavior of bullying could come from what their parents have taught them. This solution is practical because the data that they ended up collecting toward the end of this showed that behavioral patterns and family relationships can impact aggressive behavior amongst children. The solution will be effective if there is an organization that will go from school to school to provide educational materials for others, to sign a petition saying that they want to preventShow MoreRelatedBullying And School System Are No Secret Essay1502 Words à |à 7 PagesHannah Swan EdSE 620 Research paper 9/25/16 Bullying and Aggression in Schools Bullying and aggressive behavior in the school system are no secret. Many people have encountered a bully, or have been a bully at some point in their lives. According to the American Psychological Association (APA) bullying ââ¬Å"is a form of aggressive behavior in which someone intentionally and repeatedly causes another person injury or discomfort. Bullying can take the form of physical contact, words or more subtleRead MoreAdolescent Bullying Using A Liquid, Best Policy Practice Approach Essay1499 Words à |à 6 PagesReassessing Adolescent Bullying Using a Liquid, Best Policy Practice Approach Bullying is defined as the prolonged malicious act of harming peers by abusing their own--or an existing imbalance of--power, and has become one of the most common sources of trauma among adolescents. One report shows that one of three children were victims of bullying during some point in their life, and that 10-14% of all adolescents were victims of chronic bullying for at least six months prior to conducting the surveyRead MoreBullying : Bullying And Bullying769 Words à |à 4 PagesThrough a recent survey, Burton High School has incidents of female and males being physically bullied on the premise and cyber-bullying. The females reported more Cyber-bullying, off-school premises, through text massages and social media outlets. The males reported a higher rate of physical bullying on the school premise than the females. Students reported the occurrence of physical intimidation preventing younger students to access hallways. Also, studentââ¬â¢s who are perceived as ââ¬Å"differ entâ⬠areRead MoreThe Implementation Of Anti Bullying Initiatives976 Words à |à 4 PagesThe implementation of anti-bullying initiatives has become increasingly linked with educational polices aimed at improving a schoolââ¬â¢s effectiveness. We now know that studentsââ¬â¢ social and emotional learning helps to facilitate their academic learning, and that a studentââ¬â¢s level of social competence and the success of their social lives often correlates with their success in classroom academics. Research has continued to highlight that any significant change in school practices requires time and aRead MoreThe Bullies And Victims Article Focus On The Problems Of Bullying1750 Words à |à 7 Pageson the problems of bullying in the United Kingdom. Bullying is not just a problem in the United Kingdom; itââ¬â¢s a serious issue throughout the world. When analyzing the incidences that occurred with Mark, Sarah, Theresa, Simon, and Debbie, these attacks were alarming since they were vicious where some of the victims suffered an injury from being physically assaulted. The brutality of these attacks deserves punishment since the bullies used physical aggression and verbal aggression to harass and tormentRead MoreThe Aggressive Behavior Of Male Students851 Words à |à 4 PagesDan Olweus (1978) spearheaded academic discourse on bullying. Olweus approached bullying as a theoretical tool to understand the aggressive behaviour of male students. The research the pioneered Olweusââ¬â¢ model of school bullying focused on understanding individual behaviour in light of aggressive personality. Research informed by this early model of school bullying works on the premise that bullying is an expression of individual aggression (Hawley Williford, 2014). The behaviour manifests in responseRead MoreWhy Some Schools Don t Have Bullies Article Essay1329 Words à |à 6 PagesThe why some schools donââ¬â¢t have bullies article focus on finding solutions to eradic ate bullying. Bullying is repeated acts of unwanted aggression and abuse of power that take a wide variety of forms. Some of the forms of bullying are physical and verbal aggression which can be categorized as direct or indirect behavior. When direct physical bullying occurs, it will involve someone being attacked physically through punching, kicking and stomping, whereas when indirect physically bullying occurs, itRead MoreA Brief Note On Cyberbullying And Other Types Of Traditional Bullying1138 Words à |à 5 Pagestraditional bullying. According to Nansel (2001) and Olweus (1993), bullying is characterized by intentional behavior that is meant to cause pain, both physical and emotional, to another person due to an imbalance of social or physical power. There are two forms of traditional bullying: direct and indirect. Direct bullying is characterized by physical attacks, such as hitting and kicking; it is also characterized by non-physical attacks, such as teasing. The charac teristics of indirect bullying are lessRead MorePersuasive Essay On School Bullying1207 Words à |à 5 PagesBullying In Schools Bullying is repeated physical, verbal, or social aggression by a group or person directed towards someone with less power intended to cause harm and fear. Bullying has many negative outcomes including mental health problems, substances use, shootings, and suicides. Name calling, hitting, spreading rumors, and making threats are common forms of bullying that occur in schools. Bullying creates an unsafe and unhealthy area for students. According to the article aggression, ââ¬Å"OurRead MoreThe And Parental Authority Questionnaire1535 Words à |à 7 PagesThe last study was conducted by Ritter (2005). The participants for this study were drawn from the junior and senior classes of a large suburban high school in the Midwest, with participants ranging between the ages of 16 and 18 (Ritter, 2005). The researcher used the Individual Protective Factors Index (Springer Phillips, 1997) and the Parental Authority Questionnaire (Buri, 1991). The goal was to determine if an association exi sted between the developments of resiliency and parenting styles
Foundationââ¬â¢s Edge CHAPTER SEVEN FARMER Free Essays
FARMER Stor Gendibal jogged along the country road outside the university. It was not common practice for Second Foundationers to venture into the farming world of Trantor. They could do so, certainly, but when they did, they did not venture either far or for long. We will write a custom essay sample on Foundationââ¬â¢s Edge CHAPTER SEVEN FARMER or any similar topic only for you Order Now Gendibal was an exception and he had, in times past, wondered why. Wondering meant exploring his own mind, something that Speakers, in particular, were encouraged to do. Their minds were at once their weapons and their targets, and they had to keep both offense and defense well honed. Gendibal had decided, to his own satisfaction, that one reason he was different was because he had come from a planet that was both colder and more massive than the average inhabited planet. When he was brought to Trantor as a boy (through the net that was quietly cast throughout the Galaxy by agents of the Second Foundation on the lookout for talent), he found himself, therefore, in a lighter gravitational field and a delightfully mild climate. Naturally he enjoyed being in the open more than some of the others might. In his early years on Trantor, he grew conscious of his puny, undersized frame, and he was afraid that settling back into the comfort of a benign world would turn him flabby indeed. He therefore undertook a series of self-developing exercises that had left him still puny in appearance but kept hint wiry and with a good wind. Part of his regimen were these long walks arid joggings ââ¬â about which some at the Speakerââ¬â¢s Table muttered. Gendibal disregarded their chattering. He kept his own ways, despite the fact that he was first-generation. All the others at the Table were second ââ¬â and third-generation, with parents and grandparents who had been Second Foundationers. And they were all older than he, too. What, then, was to be expected but muttering? By long custom, all minds at the Speakerââ¬â¢s Table were open (supposedly altogether, though it was a rare Speaker who didnââ¬â¢t maintain a comer of privacy somewhere ââ¬â in the long run, ineffectively, of course) and Gendibal knew that what they felt was envy. So did they; just as Gendibal knew his own attitude was defensive, overcompensating ambition. And so did they. Besides (Gendibalââ¬â¢s mind reverted to the reasons for his ventures into the hinterland) he had spent his childhood in a whole world ââ¬â a large and expansive one, with grand and variegated scenery ââ¬â and in a fertile valley of that world, surrounded by what he believed to be the most beautiful mountain ranges in the Galaxy. They were unbelievably spectacular in the grim winter of that world. He remembered his former world and the glories of a now-distant childhood. He dreamed about it often. How could he bring himself to be confined to a few dozen square miles of ancient architecture? He looked about disparagingly as he jogged. Trantor was a mild and pleasant world, but it was not a rugged and beautiful one. Though it was a farming world, it was not a fertile planet. It never had been. Perhaps that, as much as any other factor, had led to its becoming the administrative center of, first, an extensive union of planets and then of a Galactic Empire. There was no strong push to have it be anything else. It wasnââ¬â¢t extraordinarily good for anything else. After the Great Sack, one thing that kept Trantor going was its enormous supply of metal. It was a great mine, supplying half a hundred worlds with cheap alloy steel, aluminum, titanium, copper, magnesium ââ¬â returning, in this way, what it had collected over thousands of years; depleting its supplies at a rate hundreds of times faster than the original rate of accumulation. There were still enormous metal supplies available, but they were underground and harder to obtain. The Hamish farmers (who never called themselves ââ¬Å"Trantorians,â⬠a term they considered ill-omened and which the Second Foundationers therefore reserved for themselves) had grown reluctant to deal with the metal any further. Superstition, undoubtedly. Foolish of them. The metal that remained underground might well be poisoning the soil and further lowering its fertility. And yet, on the other hand, the population was thinly spread and the land supported them. And there were some sales of metal, always. Gendibalââ¬â¢s eyes roved over the fiat horizon. Trantor was alive geologically, as almost all inhabited planets were, but it had been a hundred million years, at least, since the last major geological mountain-building period had occurred. What uplands existed had been eroded into gentle hills. Indeed, many of them had been leveled during the great metal-coating period of Trantorââ¬â¢s history. Off to the south, well out of sight, was the shore of Capital Bay, and beyond that, the Eastern Ocean, both of which had been re-established after the disruption of the underground cisterns. To the north were the towers of Galactic University, obscuring the comparatively squat-but-wide Library (most of which was underground), and the remains of the Imperial Palace still farther north. Immediately on either side were farms, on which there was an occasional building. He passed groups of cattle, goats, chickens ââ¬â the wide variety of domesticated animals found on any Trantorian farm. None of them paid him any mind. Gendibal thought casually that anywhere in the Galaxy, on any of the vast number of inhabited worlds, he would see these animals and that on no two worlds would they be exactly alike. He remembered the goats of home and his own tame nanny whom he had once milked. They were much larger and more resolute than the small and philosophical specimens that had been brought to Trantor and established there since the Great Sack. Over the inhabited worlds of the Galaxy, there were varieties of each of these animals, in numbers almost beyond counting, and there was no sophisticate on any world who didnââ¬â¢t swear by his favorite variety, whether for meat, milk, eggs, wool, or anything else they could produce. As usual, there were no Hamish in view. Gendibal had the feeling that the farmers avoided being seen by those whom they referred to as ââ¬Å"scowlersâ⬠(a mispronunciation ââ¬â perhaps deliberately ââ¬â of the word ââ¬Å"scholarsâ⬠in their dialect). ââ¬â Superstition, again. Gendibal glanced up briefly at Trantorââ¬â¢s sun. It was quite high in the sky, but its heat was not oppressive. In this location, at this latitude, the warmth saved mild and the cold never bit. (Gendibal ever. missed the biting cold sometimes or so he imagined. He had never revisited his native world. Perhaps, he admitted to himself, because he didnââ¬â¢t want to be disillusioned.) He had the pleasant feel of muscles that were sharpened and tightened to keenness and he decided he had jogged just long enough. He settled down to a walk, breathing deeply. He would be ready for the upcoming Table meeting and for one last push to force a change in policy, a new attitude that would recognize the growing danger from the First Foundation and elsewhere and that would put an end to the fatal reliance on the ââ¬Å"perfectâ⬠working of the Plan. When would they realize that the very perfection was the surest sign of danger? Had anyone but himself proposed it, he knew, it would have gone through without trouble. As things stood now, there would be trouble, but it would go through, just the same, for old Shandess was supporting him and would undoubtedly continue to do so. He would not wish to enter the history books as the particular First Speaker under whom the Second Foundation had withered. Hamish! Gendibal was startled. He became aware of the distant tendril of mind well before he saw the person. It was Hamish mind ââ¬â a farmer ââ¬â coarse and unsubtle. Carefully Gendibal withdrew, leaving a touch so light as to be undetectable. Second Foundation policy was very firm in this respect. The farmers were the unwitting shields of the Second Foundation. They must be left as untouched as possible. No one who came to Trantor for trade or tourism ever saw anything other than the farmers, plus perhaps a few unimportant scholars living in the past. Remove the farmers or merely tamper with their innocence and the scholars would become more noticeable ââ¬â with catastrophic results. (That was one of the classic demonstrations which neophytes at the University were expected to work out for themselves. The tremendous Deviations displayed on the Prime Radiant when the farmer minds were even slightly tampered with were astonishing.) Gendibal saw him. It was a farmer, certainly, Hamish to the core. He was almost a caricature of what a Trantorian farmer should be tall and wide, brown-skinned, roughly dressed, arms bare, dark-haired, dark-eyed, a long ungainly stride. Gendibal felt as though he could smell the barnyard about him. (Not too much scorn, he thought. Preem Palver had not minded playing the role of farmer, when that was necessary to his plans. Some farmer he was ââ¬â short and plump and soft. It was his mind that had fooled the teenaged Arkady, never his body.) The farmer was approaching him, clumping down the road, staring at him openly ââ¬â something that made Gendibal frown. No Hamish man or woman had ever looked at him in this manner. Even the children ran away and peered from a distance. Gendibal did not slow his own stride. There would be room enough to pass the other with neither comment nor glance and that would be best. He determined to stay away from the farmerââ¬â¢s mind. Gendibal drifted to one side, but the farmer was not going to have that. He stopped, spread his legs wide, stretched out his large arms as though to block passage, and said, ââ¬Å"Ho! Be you scowler?â⬠Try as he might, Gendibal could not refrain from sensing the wash of pugnacity in the approaching mind. He stopped. It would be impossible to attempt to pass by without conversation and that would be, in itself, a weary task. Used as one was to the swift and subtle interplay of sound and expression and thought and mentality that combined to make up the communication between Second Foundationers, it was wearisome to resort to word combination alone. It was like prying up a boulder by arm and shoulder, with a crowbar lying nearby. Gendibal said, quietly and with careful lack of emotion, ââ¬Å"I am a scholar. Yes.â⬠ââ¬Å"Ho! You am a scowler. Donââ¬â¢t we speak outlandish now? And cannot I see that you be one or am one?â⬠He ducked his head in a mocking bow. ââ¬Å"Being, as you be, small and weazen and pale and upnosed.â⬠ââ¬Å"What is it you want of me, Hamishman?â⬠asked Gendibal, unmoved. ââ¬Å"I be titled Rufirant. And Karoll be my previous.â⬠His accent became noticeably more Hamish. His rââ¬â¢s rolled throatily. Gendibal said, ââ¬Å"What is it you want with me, Karoll Rufirant?â⬠ââ¬Å"And how be you titled, scowler?â⬠ââ¬Å"Does it matter? You may continue to call me ââ¬Ëscholar.'â⬠ââ¬Å"If I ask, it matters that I be answered, little up-nosed scowler.â⬠ââ¬Å"Well then, I am titled Stor Gendibal and I will now go about my business.â⬠ââ¬Å"What be your business?â⬠Gendibal felt the hair prickling on the back of his neck. There were other minds present. He did not have to turn to know there were three more Hamishmen behind him. Off in the distance, there were others. The farmer smell was strong. ââ¬Å"My business, Karoll Rufirant, is certainly none of yours.â⬠ââ¬Å"Say you so?â⬠Rufirantââ¬â¢s voice rose. ââ¬Å"Mates, he says his business be not ours.â⬠There was a laugh from behind him and a voice sounded. ââ¬Å"Right he be, for his business be book-mucking and ââ¬Ëputer-rubbing, and that be naught for true men.â⬠ââ¬Å"Whatever my business is,â⬠said Gendibal firmly, ââ¬Å"I will be about it now.â⬠ââ¬Å"And how will you do that, wee scowler?â⬠said Rufirant. ââ¬Å"By passing you.â⬠ââ¬Å"You would try? You would not fear arm-stopping?â⬠ââ¬Å"By you and all your mates? Or by you alone?â⬠Gendibal suddenly dropped into thick Hamish dialect. ââ¬Å"Art not feared alone?â⬠Strictly speaking, it was not proper to prod him in this manner, but it would stop a mass attack and that had to be stopped, lest it force a still greater indiscretion on his part. It worked. Rufirantââ¬â¢s expression grew lowering. ââ¬Å"If fear there be, bookboy, thââ¬â¢art the one to be full of it. Mates, make room. Stand back and let him pass that he may see if I be feared alane.â⬠Rufirant lifted his great arms and moved them about. Gendibal did not fear the farmerââ¬â¢s pugilistic science; but there was always a chance that a goodly blow might land. Gendibal approached cautiously, working with delicate speed within Rufirantââ¬â¢s mind. Not much ââ¬â just a touch, unfelt ââ¬â but enough to slow reflexes that crucial notch. Then out, and into all the others, who were now gathering in greater numbers. Gendibalââ¬â¢s Speaker mind darted back and forth with virtuosity, never resting in one mind long enough to leave a mark, but just long enough for the detection of something that might be useful. He approached the farmer catlike, watchful, aware and relieved that no one was making a move to interfere. Rufirant struck suddenly, but Gendibal saw it in his mind before any muscle had begun to tighten and he stepped to one side. The blow whistled past, with little room to spare. Yet Gendibal still stood there, unshaken. There was a collective sigh from the others. Gendibal made no attempt to either parry or return a blow. It would be difficult to parry without paralyzing his own arm and to return a blow would be of no use, far the farmer would withstand it without trouble. He could only maneuver the man as though he were a bull, forcing him to miss. That would serve to break his morale as direct opposition would not. Bull-like and roaring, Rufirant charged. GendibaI was ready and drifted to one side just sufficiently to allow the farmer to miss his clutch. Again the charge. Again the miss. GendibaI felt his own breath begin to whistle through his nose. The physical effort was small, but the mental effort of trying to control without controlling was enormously difficult. He could not keep it up long. He said ââ¬â as calmly as he could while batting lightly at Rufirantââ¬â¢s fear-depressant mechanism, trying to rouse in a minimalist manner what must surely be the farmerââ¬â¢s superstitious dread of scholars ââ¬â ââ¬Å"I will now go about my business.â⬠Rufirantââ¬â¢s face distorted with rage, but for a moment he did not move. Gendibal could sense his thinking. The little scholar had melted away like magic. Gendibal could feel the otherââ¬â¢s fear rise and for a moment But then the Hamish rage surged higher and drowned the fear. Rufirant shouted, ââ¬Å"Mates! Scowler he dancer. He do duck on nimble toes and scorns the rules of honest Hamish blow-for-blow. Seize him. Hold him. We will trade blow for blow, then. He may be firststriker, gift of me, and I ââ¬â I will be last-striker.â⬠Gendibal found the gaps among those who now surrounded him. His only chance was to maintain a gap long enough to get through, then to run, trusting to his own wind and to his ability to dull the farmersââ¬â¢ will. Back and forth he dodged, with his mind cramping in effort. It would rat work. There were too many of them and the necessity of abiding within the rules of Trantorian behavior was too constricting. He felt hands on his arms. He was held. He would have to interfere with at least a few of the minds. It would be unacceptable and his cancer would be destroyed. But his life ââ¬â his very life ââ¬â was at hazard. How had this happened? The meeting of the Table was not complete. It was not the custom to wait if any Speaker were late. Nor, thought Shandess, was the Table in a mood to wait, in any case. Stor Gendibal was the youngest and far from sufficiently aware of the fact. He acted as though youth were in itself a virtue and age a matter of negligence on the part of those who should know better. Gendibal was not popular with the other Speakers. He was not, in point of fact, entirely popular with Shandess himself. But popularity was not at issue here. Delora Delarmi broke in on his reverie. She was looking at him out of wide blue eyes, her round face ââ¬â with its accustomed air of innocence and friendliness ââ¬â masking an acute mind (to all but other Second Foundationers of her own rank) and ferocity of concentration. She said, smiling, ââ¬Å"First Speaker, do we wait longer?â⬠(The meeting had not yet been formally called to order so that, strictly speaking, she could open the conversation, though another might have waited for Shandess to speak first by right of his title.) Shandess looked at her disarmingly, despite the slight breach in courtesy. ââ¬Å"Ordinarily we would not, Speaker Delarmi, but since the Table meets precisely to hear Speaker Gendibal, it is suitable to stretch the rules.â⬠ââ¬Å"Where is he, First Speaker?â⬠ââ¬Å"That, Speaker Delarmi, I do not know.â⬠Delarmi looked about the rectangle of faces. There was the First Speaker and what should have been eleven other Speakers. ââ¬â Only twelve. Through five centuries, the Second Foundation had expanded its powers and its duties, but all attempts to expand the Table beyond twelve had failed. Twelve it had been after Seldonââ¬â¢s death, when the second First Speaker (Seldon himself had always been considered as having been the first of the line) had established it, and twelve it still was. Why twelve? That number divided itself easily into groups of identical size. It was small enough to consult as a whole and large enough to do work in subgroups. More would have been too unwieldy; fewer, too inflexible. So went the explanations. In fact, no one knew why the number had been chosen ââ¬â or why it should be immutable. But then, even the Second Foundation could find itself a slave to tradition. It took Delarmi only a flashing moment to have her mind twiddle the matter as she looked from face to face, and mind to mind, and then, sardonically, at the empty seat ââ¬â the junior seat. She was satisfied that there was no sympathy at all with Gendibal. The young man, she had always felt, had all the charm of a centipede and was best treated as one. So far, only his unquestioned ability and talent had kept anyone from openly proposing trial for expulsion. (Only two Speakers had been impeached ââ¬â but not convicted ââ¬â in the hemimillennial history of the Second Foundation.) The obvious contempt, however, of missing a meeting of the Table was worse than many an offense and Delarmi was pleased to sense that the mood for trial had moved forward rather more than a notch. She said, ââ¬Å"First Speaker, if you do not know the whereabouts of Speaker Gendibal, I would be pleased to tell you.â⬠ââ¬Å"Yes, Speaker?â⬠ââ¬Å"Who among us does not know that this young manâ⬠(she used no honorific in speaking of him, and it was something that everyone noted, of course) ââ¬Å"finds business among the Hamish continually? What that business might be, I do not ask, but he is among them now and his concern with them is clearly important enough to take precedence over this Table.â⬠ââ¬Å"I believe,â⬠said another of the Speakers, ââ¬Å"that he merely walks or jogs as a form of physical exercise.â⬠Delarmi smiled again. She enjoyed smiling. It cost her nothing. ââ¬Å"The University, the Library, the Palace, and the entire region surrounding these are ours. It is small in comparison with the planet itself, but it contains room enough, I think, for physical exercise. ââ¬â First Speaker, might we not begin?â⬠The First Speaker sighed inwardly. He had the full power to keep the Table waiting ââ¬â or, indeed, to adjourn the meeting until a time when Gendibal was present. No First Speaker could long function smoothly, however, without at least the passive support of the other Speakers and it was never wise to irritate them. Even Preem Palver had occasionally been forced into cajolery to get his way. ââ¬â Besides, Gendibalââ¬â¢s absence was annoying, even to the First Speaker. The young Speaker might as well learn he was not a law unto himself. And now, as First Speaker, he did speak first, saying, ââ¬Å"We will begin. Speaker Gendibal has presented some startling deductions from Prime Radiant data. He believes that there is some organization that is working to. maintain the Seldon Plan more efficiently than we can and that it does so for its own purpose. We must, in his view therefore, learn more about it out of self-defense. You all have been informed of this, and this meeting is to allow you all a chance to question Speaker Gendibal, in order that we may come to some conclusion as to future policy.â⬠It was, in fact, even unnecessary to say this much. Shandess held his mind open, so they all knew. Speaking was a matter of courtesy. Delarmi looked about swiftly. The other ten seemed content to allow her to take on the role of anti-Gendibal spokesperson. She said, ââ¬Å"Yet Gendibalâ⬠(again the omission of the honorific) ââ¬Å"does not know and cannot say what or who this other organization is.â⬠She phrased it unmistakably as a statement, which skirted the edge of rudeness. It was as much as to say: I can analyze your mind; you need not bother to explain. The First Speaker recognized the rudeness and made the swift decision to ignore it. ââ¬Å"The fact that Speaker Gendibalâ⬠(he punctiliously avoided the omission of the honorific and did not even point up the fact by stressing it) ââ¬Å"does not know and cannot say what the other organization is, does not mean it does not exist. The people of the First Foundation, through most of their history, knew virtually nothing about us and, in fact, know next to nothing about us now. Do you question our existence?â⬠ââ¬Å"It does not follow,â⬠said Delarmi, ââ¬Å"that because we are unknown and yet exist, that anything, in order to exist, need only be unknown.â⬠And she laughed lightly. ââ¬Å"True enough. That is why Speaker Gendibalââ¬â¢s assertion must be examined most carefully. It is based on rigorous mathematical deduction, which I have gone over myself and which I urge you all to consider. It isâ⬠(he searched for a cast of mind that best expressed his views) ââ¬Å"not unconvincing.â⬠ââ¬Å"And this First Foundationer, Golan Trevize, who hovers in your mind but whom you do not mention?â⬠(Another rudeness and this time the First Speaker flushed a bit.) ââ¬Å"What of him?â⬠The First Speaker said, ââ¬Å"It is Speaker Gendibalââ¬â¢s thought that this man, Trevize, is the tool ââ¬â perhaps an unwitting one ââ¬â of this organization and that we must not ignore him.â⬠ââ¬Å"If,â⬠said Delarmi, sitting back in her chair and pushing her graying hair backward and out of her eyes, ââ¬Å"this organization ââ¬â whatever it is ââ¬â exists and if it is dangerously powerful in its mental capabilities and is so hidden, is it likely to be maneuvering so openly by way of someone as noticeable as an exiled Councilman of the First Foundation?â⬠The First Speaker said gravely, ââ¬Å"One would think not. And yet I have noticed something that is most disquieting. I do not understand it.â⬠Almost involuntarily he buried the thought in his mind, ashamed that others might see it. Each of the Speakers noted the mental action and, as was rigorously required, respected the shame. Delarmi did, too, but she did so impatiently. She said, in accordance with the required formula, ââ¬Å"May we request that you let us know your thoughts, since we understand and forgive any shame you may feel?â⬠The First Speaker said, ââ¬Å"Like you, I do not see on what grounds one should suppose Councilman Trevize to be a tool of the other organization, or what purpose he could possibly serve if he were. Yet Speaker Gendibal seems sure of it, and one cannot ignore the possible value of intuition in anyone who has qualified for Speaker. I therefore attempted to apply the Plan to Trevize.â⬠ââ¬Å"To a single person?â⬠said one of the Speakers in low voiced surprise, and then indicated his contrition at once for having accompanied the question with a thought that was clearly the equivalent of: What a fool! ââ¬Å"To a single person,â⬠said the First Speaker, ââ¬Å"and you are right. What a fool I am! I know very well that the Plan cannot possibly apply to individuals, not even to small groups of individuals. Nevertheless, I was curious. I extrapolated the Interpersonal Intersections far past the reasonable limits, but I did it in sixteen different ways and chose a region rather than a point. I then made use of all the details we know about Trevize ââ¬â a Councilman of the First Foundation does not go completely unnoticed ââ¬â and of the Foundationââ¬â¢s Mayor. I then threw it all together, rather higgledy-piggledy, Iââ¬â¢m afraid.â⬠He paused. â⬠Well?â⬠said Delarmi. ââ¬Å"I gather youâ⬠¦ ââ¬â Were the results surprising?â⬠ââ¬Å"There werenââ¬â¢t any results, as you might all expect,â⬠said the First Speaker. ââ¬Å"Nothing can be done with a single individual, and yet ââ¬â and yetâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ââ¬Å"And yet?â⬠ââ¬Å"I have spent forty years analyzing results and I have grown used to obtaining a clear feeling of what the results would be before they were analyzed ââ¬â and I have rarely been mistaken. In this case, even though there were no results, I developed the strong feeling that Gendibal was right and that Trevize should not be left to himself.â⬠ââ¬Å"Why not, First Speaker?â⬠asked Delarmi, clearly taken aback at the strong feeling in the First Speakerââ¬â¢s mind. ââ¬Å"I am ashamed,â⬠said the First Speaker, ââ¬Å"that I have let myself be tempted into using the Plan for a purpose for which it is not fit. I am further ashamed now that I am allowing myself to be influenced by something that is purely intuitive. ââ¬â Yet I must, for I feel this very strongly. If Speaker Gendibal is right ââ¬â if we are in danger from an unknown direction ââ¬â then I feel that when the time comes that our affairs are at a crisis, it will be Trevize who will hold and play the deciding card.â⬠ââ¬Å"On what basis do you feel this?â⬠said Delarmi, shocked. First Speaker Shandess looked about the table miserably, ââ¬Å"I have no basis. The psychohistorical mathematics produces nothing, but as I watched the interplay of relationships, it seemed to me that Trevize is the key to everything. Attention must be paid to this young man.â⬠Gendibal knew that he would not get back in time to join the meeting of the Table. It might be that he would not get back at all. He was held firmly and he tested desperately about him to see how he could best manage to force them to release him. Rufirant stood before him now, exultant. ââ¬Å"Be you ready now, scowler? Blow for blow, strike for strike, Hamish-fashion. Come then, art the smaller; strike then first.â⬠Gendibal said, ââ¬Å"Will someone hold thee, then, as I be held?â⬠Rufirant said, ââ¬Å"Let him go. Nah nah. His arms alane. Leave arms free, but hold legs strong. We want no dancing.â⬠Gendibal felt himself pinned to the ground. His arms were free. ââ¬Å"Strike, scowler,â⬠said Rufirant. ââ¬Å"Give us a blow.â⬠And then Gendibalââ¬â¢s probing mind found something that answered ââ¬â indignation, a sense of injustice and pity. He had no choice; he would have to run the risk of outright strengthening and then improvising on the basis of There was no need! He had not touched this new mind, yet it reacted as he would have wished. Precisely. He suddenly became aware of a small figure-stocky, with long, tangled black hair and arms thrust outward ââ¬â careening madly into his field of view and pushing madly at the Hamish farmer. The figure was that of a woman. Gendibal thought grimly that it was a measure of his tension and preoccupation that he had not noted this till his eyes told him so. ââ¬Å"Karoll Rufirant!â⬠She shrieked at the farmer. ââ¬Å"Art bully and coward! Strike for strike, Hamish-fashion? You be two times yon scowlerââ¬â¢s size. Youââ¬â¢ll be in more sore danger attacking me. Be there renown in pashing yon poor spalp? There be shame, Iââ¬â¢m thinking. It will be a fair heap of finger-pointing and thereââ¬â¢ll be full saying, ââ¬ËYon be Rufirant, renowned baby-smasher.ââ¬â¢ Itââ¬â¢ll be laughter, Iââ¬â¢m thinking, and no decent Hamishman will be drinking with you ââ¬â and no decent Hamishwoman will be ought with you.â⬠Rufirant was trying to stem the torrent, warding off the blows she was aiming at him, attempting weakly to answer with a placating, ââ¬Å"Now, Sura. Now, Sura.â⬠Gendibal was aware that hands no longer grasped him, that Rufirant no longer glared at him, that the minds of all were no longer concerned with him. Sura was not concerned with him, either; her fury was concentrated solely on Rufirant. Gendibal, recovering, now looked to take measures to keep that fury alive and to strengthen the uneasy shame flooding Rufirantââ¬â¢s mind, and to do both so lightly and skillfully as to leave no mark. Again, there was no need. The woman said, ââ¬Å"All of you back-step. Look here. If it be not sufficient that this Karoll ââ¬â heap be like giant to this starveling, there must be five or six more of you ally-friends to share in shame and go back to farm with glorious tale of dewing-do in baby-smashing. ââ¬ËI held the spalpââ¬â¢s arm,ââ¬â¢ youââ¬â¢ll say, ââ¬Ëand giant Rufirant-block pashed him in face when he was not to back-strike.ââ¬â¢ And youââ¬â¢ll say, ââ¬ËBut I held his foot, so give me also ââ¬â glory.ââ¬â¢ And Rufirant-chunk will say, ââ¬ËI could not have kiln on his lane, so my furrow-mates pinned him and, with help of all six, I gloried on him.'â⬠ââ¬Å"But Sura,â⬠said Rufirant, almost whining, ââ¬Å"I told scowler he might have first-shrike.â⬠ââ¬Å"And fearful you were of the mighty blows of his thin arms, not so, Rufirant thickhead. Come. Let him go where he be going, and the rest of you to your homes back-crawl, if so be those homes will still find a welcome-making for you. You had all best hope the grand deeds of this day be forgotten. And they will not be, for I be spreading them far-wide, if you do make me any the more fiercely raging than I be raging now.â⬠They trooped off quietly, heads hanging, not looking back. Gendibal stared after them, then back at the woman. She was dressed in blouse and trousers, with roughmade shoes on her feet. Her face was wet with perspiration and she breathed heavily. Her nose was rather large, her breasts heavy (as best Gendibal could tell through the looseness of her blouse), and her bare arms muscular. ââ¬â But then, the Hamishwomen worked in the fields beside their men. She was looking at him sternly, arms akimbo. ââ¬Å"Well, scowler, why be lagging? Go on to Place of Scowlers. Be you feared? Shall I company you?â⬠Gendibal could smell the perspiration on clothes that were clearly not freshly laundered, but under the circumstances it would be most discourteous to show any repulsion. ââ¬Å"I thank you, Miss Suraâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ââ¬Å"The name be Novi,â⬠she said gruffly. ââ¬Å"Sura Novi. You may say Novi. It be unneeded to moresay.â⬠ââ¬Å"I thank you, Novi. You have been very helpful. You be welcome to company me, not for fear of mine but for company-pleasure in you.â⬠And he bowed gracefully, as he might have bowed to one of the young women at the University. Novi flushed, seemed uncertain, and then tried to imitate his gesture. ââ¬Å"Pleasure ââ¬â be mine,â⬠she said, as though searching for words that would adequately express her pleasure and lend an air of culture. They walked together. Gendibal knew well that each leisurely step made him the more unforgiveably late for the Table meeting, but by now he had had a chance to think on the significance of what had taken place and he was icily content to let the lateness grow. The University buildings were looming ahead of them when Sura Novi stopped and said hesitantly, ââ¬Å"Master Scowler?â⬠Apparently, Gendibal thought, as she approached what she called the ââ¬Å"Place of Scowlers,â⬠she grew mare polite. He had a momentary urge to say, ââ¬Å"Address you not yon poor spalp?â⬠ââ¬â But that would embarrass her beyond reason. ââ¬Å"Yes, Novi?â⬠ââ¬Å"Be it very fine like and rich in Place of Scowlers?â⬠ââ¬Å"Itââ¬â¢s nice,â⬠said Gendibal. ââ¬Å"I once dreamed I be in Place. And ââ¬â and I be scowler.â⬠ââ¬Å"Someday,â⬠said Gendibal politely, ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢ll show it thee.â⬠Her look at him showed plainly she didnââ¬â¢t take it for mere politeness. She said, ââ¬Å"I can write. I be taught by schoolmaster. If I write letter to thee,â⬠she tried to make it casual, ââ¬Å"how do I mark it so it come to thee?â⬠ââ¬Å"Just say, ââ¬ËSpeakerââ¬â¢s House, Apartment 27,ââ¬â¢ and it will come to me. But I must go, Novi.â⬠He bowed again, and again she tried to imitate the action. They moved off in opposite directions and Gendibal promptly put her out of his mind. He thought instead of the Table meeting and, in particular, of Speaker Delora Delarmi. His thoughts were not gentle. How to cite Foundationââ¬â¢s Edge CHAPTER SEVEN FARMER, Essay examples
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